Another province of Region I, Ilocos Sur is bounded by the provinces of Ilocos Norte and Abra to the north, Mountain Province to the east, and La Union and Benguet to the south. South China Sea, meanwhile, bordered the province’s western part. It has an area of 2,579.6 km², occupying about 20.11% of the Ilocos Region.

Its capital, Vigan City, is renowned for its well-preserved Spanish legacy. About 200 significant edifices were built way back during the Spanish era, which made Vigan a part of the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the city’s pride is the The Heritage Village along Crisologo Street where tourists can marvel at numerous architecturally-rich houses and arts. They can also find numerous crafts and antique shops along the said street. Every year, the city celebrates the Viva Vigan Festival to further showcase its cultural side. The first week of May marks this colorful celebration, with exhibits, trade fairs, shows and parades being featured in the said event.

Several towns in Ilocos Sur similarly showcase historical and cultural structures. This includes the towns of Bantay, Candon, Magsingal, San Vicente, and Sta. Lucia among others. Moreover, the following structures in Ilocos Sur are note-worthy and definitely a must-see: the Syquia Mansion, which belonged to former President Elpidio Quirino; the Crisologo Museum; the Burgos Museum, former house of Padre Jose Burgos; and the Quema House.
The province is also home to some ecclesiastical structures, such as the Cathedral of St. Paul and the Archbishop’s Palace. There is also the Sta. Maria Church, a fortress-like structure built on a hilltop and is characterized by wide staircase and unique belltower. The town of Tagudin, meanwhile, houses a churchyard in which the first sundial in the country was built.
Aside from the grandeur of its buildings, the province is likewise notable for its native delicacies. Plaza Burgos houses several stalls that sell mouthwatering bibingka, empanadas and kalamay. Furthermore, Ilocos Sur is known for its craft-making industry, which includes jar (pagburnayan) and abel making (native weave).

Ilocos Sur is also an ideal place for nature lovers as it is also endowed with spectacular scenery. Beaches and coves sprawl in the towns of Sinait, Santiago and Narvacan. The town of Santa has rocky cliffs and promontories descending into the sea. The historically renowned Tirad Pass in the town of Gregorio del Pilar is likewise a majestic sight.